Understanding PCOS: A Guide for PCOS Awareness Month
September is PCOS Awareness Month, and we're here to help you understand what Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is all about. PCOS is a common hormonal disorder affecting up to 1 in 10 women of reproductive age. It’s characterized by a variety of symptoms like irregular periods, excessive hair growth, weight gain, and even difficulties with fertility. Despite the name, not all women with PCOS have ovarian cysts, but the syndrome often involves multiple small follicles on the ovaries that can be seen on an ultrasound.
What Causes PCOS?
PCOS is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The exact cause remains unknown, but it's linked to abnormal hormone levels, including elevated levels of androgens (male hormones) and insulin resistance. This hormonal imbalance interferes with the development and release of eggs from the ovaries, which is why many women with PCOS have irregular menstrual cycles.
Symptoms of PCOS
The symptoms of PCOS can vary widely from one person to another, making it a bit tricky to diagnose. Some common symptoms include:
- Irregular Periods: Infrequent, prolonged, or absent menstrual cycles.
- Excess Androgen: High levels of male hormones leading to hirsutism (excess facial and body hair), acne, and scalp hair thinning.
- Polycystic Ovaries: Enlarged ovaries containing multiple small follicles (misleadingly called "cysts").
- Weight Gain: Difficulty losing weight, often related to insulin resistance.
- Fertility Issues: Difficulty in conceiving due to irregular ovulation.
How is PCOS Diagnosed?
There’s no single test for PCOS, so diagnosis usually involves a thorough medical history, a physical exam, blood tests to check hormone levels, and an ultrasound to examine the ovaries. Your doctor may diagnose PCOS if you have at least two of the following: irregular periods, high androgen levels, or polycystic ovaries.
Managing PCOS
While there’s no cure for PCOS, there are many ways to manage the symptoms and improve quality of life:
- Lifestyle Changes: A healthy diet and regular exercise can help manage weight and insulin levels.
- Medications: Birth control pills can regulate periods and reduce androgen levels, while other medications can help with symptoms like excess hair growth or infertility.
- Mental Health Support: Dealing with PCOS can be challenging, so seeking emotional support and counselling can be beneficial.
Why Awareness Matters
Many women live with PCOS without even knowing it, which is why raising awareness is so crucial. By understanding the symptoms and seeking medical advice, you can take control of your health. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of PCOS, don’t hesitate to consult with a healthcare provider. The earlier you address PCOS, the better you can manage its effects and improve your overall well-being.
*Please note, this blog is for educational purposes only. We are not doctors, if you suspect you may be suffering from PCOS, we recommend consulting with your Doctor or health care provider for more information.